ISO 11354

This standard is an CEN/ISO NWI that specifies requirements for interoperation both within and between
operational environments of manufacturing enterprises.
It defines an interoperability framework and specifies requirements for processes and underpinning metadata that must be in place to establish solutions to various concerns of interoperability (business, processes, services,
data).
It describes the particular requirements of different types of environments (unified, integrated, and federated).
It focuses on requirements to enable communication rather than defining the communication itself, and is thus independent of specific technologies.
(Martin Zelm and Kurt Kosanke)